Electrical appliances and their effective use

Currently, almost every person wants to learn how to save electricity in everyday life.Energy saving in everyday life is considerable popular because it does not require special investments, but can significantly save

Electricity tariffs are constantly growing.Therefore, many people try to limit their costs.There is now a huge amount of special information that will help in accordance with the elementary rules of energy consumption culture.If you are interested, then you can read about the rehearsal fee.

Savings on lighting public places

Usually, to resolve such a problem, you need to set the movement sensors.They will help include lighting only in the requested period.If such devices are covered in the entrance, then you need to remember that your house will be able to save a significant amount of funds.If necessary, you can save significantly.To perform this process, you must install a semiconductor diode in a wire break.

Now the diode will need to be placed in the switch.The diode will spend a certain amount of electricity through yourself.The voltage will be significantly reduced, and accordingly you can save your funds.

Electricity saving when using household appliances

Electricity in everyday life makes up 9-10% of all necessary energy.And although when used household electrical engineering, energy conservation capabilities (compared to heating and warm water) are limited, but according to the accounts you paid, you see that this type of energy is in relation to roads.When buying electrical engineering in the household, pay attention to energy consumption, compare various models and manufacturers.

In a family of 4 people 1/5 of electricity, he will take care of things and clothes.The use of modern technology and changes in our habits will save up to 40% electricity

Energy saving in the kitchen

If you plan to use the electric kettle, then it doesn't need to be fulfilled.The water must be poured out in such quantities that it is enough for a certain period.It must be done so that the kettle does not use additional electricity.If you plan to use an electric stove, then you need to remember to save a significant tool that you need to select the dish that will fully suit the size of the board.If you are interested, then you can read about energy thermostats.

The main directions of preserving energy in everyday life

Depending on the climatic conditions, type and size of the apartment, heating, gas availability, specific resource-focused measures may vary.But the main directions of increasing energy efficiency in everyday life are:

• Heat saves.Isolation of walls, ceilings and basements.Replacing windows and doors with new metal -plastic or sealed old, sealing cracks and holes.Installation behind heating the aluminum foil battery or heat screen.Replacing cast iron radiators with bimetallic or aluminum.Glazing loggia and balcony.All measures in the complex will help increase the temperature in a room for 4-5 degrees without increasing the costs Engir Coiner.
• Saves water.Installation of measuring device consumed water.Replacement of rotary cranes on mixers with lever.Checking and repairing the drainage tank in the toilet, installation of two -kin tanks.Feel more often bathe, use the shower more.Do not include water full during without much need.Close the crane when shaving and brushing your teeth.Use a dishwasher and washing machine with relatively complete loading.Generally, it is possible to reduce water flow for 3-4 times.
• Gas savings.With individual gas heating, all measures aimed at maintaining heat and hot water automatically water gas savings.When cooking, it is rational to use modern stainless steel dishes with polished bottom.All dishes should be clean, and even, the size of the burner match.Check the neighboring density of the oven door so the hot air does not go out.The odds for reducing costs is 2-3 times.

Energy-Čay lighting devices

Usually apartments that have long corridors use lighting that is constantly worse.To start savings, you must use the energy lamps with bulbs.These lamps have a long warranty and therefore you can definitely preserve significant funds.If you plan to choose high quality lamps, then you should choose a good manufacturer.

Also, if you plan to save significant resources, then you must use only a light background.Try not to ignore natural light in your house.

Energy consumption in everyday life - Where can I save?

From all energy consumption in everyday life, the share of lions - 79% goes to heating the premises, 15% energy (water heating, cooking, etc.) consumes electric home appliances and 1% energy are consumed for lighting, radio and television equipment.

What is 1 kw energy?

It will take 1 kW of energy to:

• 50 hours to listen to the radio;
• 110 hours shaving with electric forehead;
• Leave a 60-watt stick in 17 hours;
• 12 hours watch a color TV;
• Vacuum 2 hours;
• Fill a 5-minute shower;
• Heat on 6 degrees full of bathroom water (150 l).

Safe work with electricity in everyday life

Electricity for almost two centuries served almost two centuries, and from year to year, its role in the life of a modern person is constantly increasing.We can also bold to say that the currently electricity penetrated the almost all the most important spheres of the life of modern society.

The widespread use of electricity is primarily associated with a relatively simple conversion mechanism in other types of energy.With the help of various types of heating devices, the person manages to receive thermal energy for cooking or for heating rooms.In lighting devices, electricity is converted into light, and with the help of an electric motor, we easily convert electricity energy into mechanical energy.

But with all this, it is necessary to constantly remember that behind the visible security and simplicity of electricity, a significant threat to human life and health can be hidden.When using various mechanisms for converting electricity, it should not be forgotten to comply with precautions and secure methods in electrical circuits and with the household appliances included in these assemblies.

It significantly complicates the situation that electric current cannot be seen or heard.We can discover the presence of electric current in the guide only with the help of measuring devices specifically designed for these purposes.

Therefore, the first condition for the correct use of electricity electricity should be mandatory to comply with elementary rules and techniques for safe operation with it.The study of electro-automatism in everyday life indicates that these causes are not in great diversity and do not change a few decades.

The main causes of electrical facts in everyday life are:

• Violation of basic rules and methods of electricity work;
• Work of defective household appliances;
• Careless handling of electrical installations in the personal plot;
• Attempts to repair electrical equipment and electrical wiring by persons who do not have the necessary skills and qualifications.

It is necessary to remember a few of the strongest rules, whose adherence to you will enable protection from all kinds of troubles that often occur during household appliances:

1. Often, the cause of electric shock destroys the insulation of electric wiring (or electrical) in places available to touch them.For this reason, it is necessary to periodically implement an external electric wiring overview and check insulating resistance to its wires, and if the breach of insulation is detected, take the shortest measures to return.
2. All electric circles must be protected from short compounds and overloads using automatic switches or smooth inserts installed in appropriate lines (in the distribution shield of home or apartment).The current installations of these devices should be calibrated so that protection devices are activated in electricity higher than the set values.
3. The operation of residential electrical networks is possible only with fully service installation elements of wiring (sockets, distribution boxes, switches, etc.).
4. Network cords of electric household appliances in the disintegration or decaying cover may be very heated, which is often the cause of a fire wire.Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the service of wires and forks of network cables.
5. Before repairing a failed electrical device, it is necessary to turn off this electric device from the network.But the most optimal solution in this case will be a call of a qualified professional who will quickly and efficiently eliminate the failure.
6. It is necessary to highly carefully monitor the presence of the protective grounding of all metal parts and electrical installation housings.Protective grounding will reliably protect you from electric shock in case of wiring electrical insulation and when the mains voltage appears on the power case.

Chronology of practical use of electricity

Almost at the same time, electricity theory begins the history of practical use of electricity.1809. The Englishman was built by the first light bulb to the lamp or tungstiff thread.But this lamp differs from modern lightless bulbs, like wheel carts from the boat slope.

65 years passed to 11. July 1874. years, Aleksandar Nikolaevich Lodygin was not a patent of the first light bulb in the vacuum flask.In general, in this decade 19. century, the lamps are fictional as "hot pies."

This is the Districhson Lamp (improved Lodygin Lamp), and Yablochkov candle (the first lamp in which it was not necessary to maintain the distance between the electrodes) and the EDISON lamps with platinula of ropes in 1879. Years.By the way, Edison was first extinct (patented) switch.

But Platinum nor could they have a lot of use after Lodygin 1890. years 1890. nor with random flourishes of refractory materials: Molybdenum and Tungsten.Tungsten nor do they still illuminate most of humanity.

The industrial production of the light bulb with an emercy startled in 1905. years.Industrial production has become possible based on patent no.34541 of two Hungarians: Sandora Eustian and Frano Hanaman in 1904. Years.

The practical use of electricity applies not only on lighting houses and streets.AC transformers are made, electric motors are created, which are first acting from direct current, then an alternating current asynchronous motors.

But the basis of basic use of electricity is the development or production of electricity with electric stations.The first power plant was an electrical generator of transformer energy steam steam in electricity.

Initially, electric generators provided electricity for separate factories, workshops.1880. The first city power plants began to build.The first power plant was built in 1882. in New York under the leadership of the same Edison.

Saving with the help of reasonable independence can be significant amounts of money.Let us reside on some simple but efficient energy preservation methods in everyday life.

Heat saves

Window and door insulation allows you to increase the temperature in apartments and houses for 4-5 ° C and leave the electric heater, which consumes up to 4000 kW ∙ H.There are several simple insulation modes:

• Fill flakes in window frames and doors.It is used for prefabricated foam, independent sealing tapes, silicone and acrylic seals, etc.The result is an increase in air temperature in a room for 1-2 degrees;
• Sealing of windows and doors with the help of various independent seals and seals.The window seal is done not only around the rim, but also between the frame.The result is an increase in room temperature for 1-3 degrees;
• Installation of new plastic or wooden windows with multi -chamber double windows, glass with film and hot fans.Then the room temperature will be stable in winter and in summer, the air will be - fresh, need to periodically open the window, throw large amounts of warm air.The result is an increase in temperature in a room for 2-5 degrees and reducing the street level;
• Installation of other doors at the entrance to the apartment (house).The result is an increase in temperature in a room for 1-2 degrees, by reducing the level of external noise and gas content;
• Heat installation - Reflik screen (or aluminum foil) on the wall behind the heating radiator.The result is an increase in temperature in a room for 1 degree.Try not to close radiators with thick curtains, screens, furniture - heat will be more efficiently arranged in the room.Replace cast iron radiators with aluminum: their heat transfer is 40-50% higher.If the radiators are installed taking into account the appropriate removal, it is possible to wash them regularly, which also helps increase the transmission of heat.The glazing of a balcony or loggia is equivalent to installing an additional window.This creates a thermal buffer with a mean temperature of 10 ° C higher than on the street, in heavy frost.It is not uncommon when there is a problem that lacks heat, but with its excess.The solution will be the installation of thermostats on radiators.

Savings of electricity

Replace ordinary light thread lamps with LED.Their lives are 20 times more than light thread bulbs, consumption is 8 times lower.During work, light is paid 8-10 times.Use local lamps when there is no need for general lighting.Take the rule, leaving the room, turn off the light.Turn off devices that are in standby for a long time.Televisions, Computer, music centers in standby consuming energy from 3 to 10 W ∙ h.During the year, this equipment, including chargers left in sockets, will provide additional energy consumption of 200-300 kWh.

Use energy efficiency technique at least A. Additional power consumption for home devices Outdated buildings is about 50%.

Do not install the refrigerator next to the gas stove or radiator for heating.This increases energy consumption by a refrigerator by 20-30%.The sealing cooler should be clean and fits firmly into the body and neck.Even a small gap in the seal increases energy consumption by 20-30%.Super for room temperature products before their installation in the refrigerator.Don't forget to fridge fridge more often

Do not close the refrigerator refrigerator, leave the gap between the wall of the room and the back wall of the refrigerator so that it can be freely cool.

If you have an electric stove in your kitchen, make sure that its burners are not deformed and firmly adjacent at the bottom of heated dishes.This will eliminate excessive heat and electricity consumption.

Do not turn on the stove in advance and turn it off something earlier than you need to prepare a dish.Boil in electric jeeper as much water as you need to use.

Use bright colors when decorating the walls of the apartment.Light walls, light curtains, clean windows, a reasonable number of colors reduce lighting costs by 10-15%.

Write down the readings of electricity meters and analyze how to reduce electricity consumption.

Turn off or transfer the computer to sleep mode if there is no need for its permanent work.With continuous round-with-sapobor, the computer consumes 70-120 kW ∙ H per month.If necessary, the continuous operation is more efficient to use laptops or computers with reduced energy consumption.In general, it is quite possible to reduce electricity consumption by 40-50%, without reducing the quality of life and damage to habits.

Saves water

Be sure to place water meters.This will motivate to reduce water flow.Install the faucet switches instead of rotary cranes.Water savings will be 10-15% plus convenience in temperature selection.Do not include water for full pressure.In 90% of cases, a small jet is sufficient, water consumption has been reduced by 4-5 times.When drawing and shower, turn off the water when not necessary.The shower requires 10-20 times less water to accept the bath.Significant water savings occur when two-haired for drainage is used.It is necessary to carefully check the presence of water leaks from the drainage tank, which occurs due to old additives.The replacement of supplements is not a very expensive event, but the water savings are significant.Through the thin flow of leaks, you can lose several cubic meters of water per month.Generally, the reduction of water consumption is 4 times - the task is quite realized and weak.

Gas savings

The gas saves is primarily relevant if the gas meters are installed in the apartments, there are individual heating points.In this case, all heat and hot water savings are water saving gas.When cooking, there are also gas saving opportunities:

• The flame of the burner should not cross the bottom of the pan, pan, the kettle, otherwise, otherwise you simply heat the air in the apartment (saving 50% or more);
• Deformed bottom of dishes leads to gas that is cut up to 50%;
• The utensils in which the food is prepared should be clean and is not buried.Contaminated dishes requires 4-6 times more gas for cooking;
• Use economic dishes, these quality usually signifies its manufacturer.The highest energy economic products are made of stainless steel with polished bottom, especially a coat of copper or aluminum.Aluminum dishes, enamel, with a teflon coating is uneconomic;
• The oven door should be firmly fit on the body of the plate and do not release the hot air.In general, the simple economic use of gas gives the reduction of its consumption by 2 times, the use of the proposed measures - about 3 times.

The energy efficiency of the modern society is axiom.Economic use of heat, electricity, water, gas allows you to reduce your own costs and improve the environmental state on the planet as a whole.

Conclusion

Relatively nelong, but the rapid development of the practical use of electricity, is undoubtedly the greatest achievement of humanity.But no matter what Grandiose power plants work in our country, everyone where there is far away.For the consumer, the electrician is the main and family of his apartment and house.How to make electric wiring in the apartment and a house, which are used for domestic needs, how to produce electrical equipment, how to fix electrician with your own hands.